English as a Second Language

Hot chair but in English

afghan-esl — Fri, 06 Nov 2009 09:06:18 GMT

hi friends welcome to hot chair let's go straight to my question

and i hope u correct my possible mistakes.

plz introduce yourself entirely
how did u learn English??
if somebody ask u how much do u know English?what would u tell him in percent
i am not good at pronouncing the words which i have learned .what do u advise me to improve it
Are u married ? if not when do u wanna marry ?if yes are you henpecked
Do u think that u’ll be taken to heaven or hell ? why so
are u a handsome boy
how many girl friends do u have

please make sentence with ong ,avril and afghan-esl
do u know avril lavigne???if yes .what is your idea about her
in your opinion is it a waste of time to connect internet and surfing in afghan-esl
can u guess my CHARACTERISTIC???
how do u predict the future for our country?? any progress
do u like live in abroad??i mean Europe country or usa
can u comprehend all of sentence in English movie without subtitle
what is the best way to improve speaking
who is your idol in your life
what is your idea about clergy man or akhond
what is your idea about commit suicide??have u ever thought about it??or wanted to do it
have u ever fallen in love???with any girl
what is the worst and the best your characteristics of yours
do u believe in Elf??? if yes have u ever seen it
how many girl friend abdullah has??? can u estimat

Please send a comment about these qestions click on this sign {نظر بدین}

Valentine's Day Around the World

afghan-esl — Tue, 27 Jan 2009 11:17:18 GMT

.::منبع کد آهنگ.::<

Valentine's Day Around the World
Mel and Doron discuss various Valentine experiences.

Mel: So, Doron, what did you do last Valentine's Day?

Doron: Last Valentine's day I got disappointed I think, cause I teach at university, and I'd heard that Japanese students always give their teachers loads and loads of chocolate, and even though it was my fifth year, and every other year I only got like two or three, I was still really excited cause I'm at university now and I got two chocolate bars.

Mel: Oh, really?

Doron: How, about you? Are you looking forward to it this year?

Mel: I'm planning on going to Korea with my co-workers to escape the Valentine's Day.

Doron: To escape?

Mel: Atmosphere, yes.

Doron: You're not a fan then?

Mel: I like Valentine's Day, but I don't plan on celebrating it this year. Is Valentine's Day big in England?

Doron: I haven't lived in England for awhile now, about ten years. When I was a kid it was big in school, like in junior school, and we used to have a little Valentine's post box in your class where you could write little messages to your classmates and then you put it in the box and it'd get delivered.

Mel: Oh, in a box?

Doron: Yeah, in a little Valentine's post box.

Mel: Oh, cool.

Doron: The teacher would deliver them.

Mel: Did you only get notes or did you get candy as well?

Doron: No, it was just notes. In England we don't really give candy and chocolate and presents to people. We just give letters, unless it's like a boyfriend or a girlfriend or something. But when you are seven, you don't really bother.

Mel: Well, the thing I liked about Valentine's Day as a kid was that you'd get Valentine's Day cards from everyone, but I was always curious to see what the boy I liked wrote to me.

Doron: Did you know who wrote what to you?

Mel: Yeah, they would sign their name on the card.

Doron: What? They sign names?

Mel: Yeah, it'd be like. Happy Valentine's Day Adam.

Doron: Oh, in England I don't think you don't put your name. Even if you know who it's from. You know it's from your girlfriend, or your best friend, or your grandma, or something, I think you just put a big question mark.

Mel: Really?

Doron: It's half the fun. You have to figure it out.

Mel: But my favorite Valentine's Day gift is always from my mom.

Doron: She gives you a gift every year.

Mel: She'll send me gifts in the mail, and when I was in elementary school, she would hide chocolates and stuff in my desk. It was awesome.

Doron: That's brilliant.

Mel: Yeah.

Doron: I don't remember getting any really really cool Valentine's presents. I remember giving a couple. I was dating a girl who lived in Norway when I was at university in England and so for Valentine's Day is the same ... I think her birthday was February the 11th or something.

Mel: Oh, yeah.

Doron: So, I just flew over. I e-mailed like her best friend who I knew quite well as well and he picked me up at the airport I and flew over to Norway.

Mel: Yeah.

Doron: And in Norway, it's a very safe country, so they don't really lock their doors a bit like Japan, and he just drove me down to the house and I walked in at like nine in the morning, and she just came down stairs and she nearly died. She thought I was a ghost.

Mel: Yeah. That would be scary but fun.

Doron: Scary but fun. That's what she said when she could talk.

Mel: Yeah, so it was a double birthday, Valentine's Day gift.

Doron: Exactly.

Afghan Superstitions

afghan-esl — Sun, 25 Jan 2009 16:46:30 GMT

Afghan Superstitions

A mag-pie is sitting on the wall, some message might come to us.
Cover your bald head or else it may start raining. :)
Don't beat against the sandalI, it might rain. (sandalI is a popular means of keeping families warm in winter. It consists of a wooden squaretable about 40cm high covered with a big cotton quilt, and charcoal fire under neath in brazier.)
Don't click the scissors, it brings about a fight.
Don't look at the new moon in the face of a child, he may fall down.
He has got up from his left side, (It is said to those who look anxious, unhappy, and grim-faced).
I bit my tongue, someone must be backbiting on me.
If the comb falls down a guest will come.
If water (from a bowel) spells out with a sound, it means that some guest will come.
If you arrive somewhere at a time when others are just starting their meals it means that you mother-in-law likes you very much.
If you draw lines on the ground you will be in debt.
If you shake the bunch of keys it might bring about a fight.
If you sit on the threshold, your father will be in debt.
It is no good to cut your tatiloring on Tuesday.
My palm itches, I will obtain some money.
My sole itches, I may travel.
Some evil door rubbed pigfat in her clothes and made her hateful to all.
Some one dropped Myrobalan on her in her wedding night and made her hateful to her husband.
Water throbbed in his throat, who remembered him? (Means someone is either thinking of the person or the person's name is mentioned somewhere)
Water was shed, it is a good omin.
Your right eye-lash throbbed you will face happiness.

English Language Tips

afghan-esl — Thu, 22 Jan 2009 13:31:21 GMT

English Language Tips

Adjuncts

Adverbs of time, place, frequency, degree and manner, together with Adverbials (phrases that have a function similar to Adverbs ), all of which modify the Verb in the Clouse or Sentence are known as Adjuncts

Adverbials

Phrases that function like Adverbs are known as Adverbials.

Adverbs

An Adverb is a word that can change the meaning of all sorts of grammatical categories, including Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs and Nouns

There are a number of different types, such as Adverbs of time, place, frequency, degree and manner.

Articles

A and AN are the Indefinite Articles, used to show that a Countable Nouns is Singular and doesn't refer to any particular example of that Noun

THE is the Definite Article, used to refer to a specific example of a Noun either Singular or Plural.

AS can be an Adverb, a Conjunction and a Relative Pronoun.

Auxiliary Verbs

An Auxiliary Verb is used together with another Verb to make a Question, make it NEGATIVE, give EMPHASIS, show Tense or a combination of these.

BE, DO and HAVE are the Auxiliary Verbs.

Conjunctions 2

Conjunctions, like AND, AS, BECAUSE, BUT and LIKE, join up information in a Sentence or Clouse.

Conjuncts

A Conjunct links or relates what is said in two sentences, like HOWEVER; THEREFORE and NEVERTHELESS. Conjuncts are members of the wider group known as Conjunction.

Countable & Uncountable Nouns

A Countable Noun can be Singular or Plural.

An Uncountable Noun does not have a Plural form.

Demonstratives

Demonstratives indicate a specific Noun or noun group. The category can be divided into two sub-categories; Demonstrative Adjective, which are used with the Noun they point to, and Demonstrative Pronoun , which replace the Noun as well as pointing to it.

NB THIS; THAT; THESE and THOSE are identical whether they are functioning as Pronouns or Adjectives.

Determiners

Articles, Numerals, Possessive Adjectives, Quantifiers and Demonstrative Adjectives are all Determiners, which means that they restrict a Noun to a single example or to an identifiable group.

Disjuncts

A Disjunct modifies a whole Sentence or Utterance by expressing the speaker's attitude, opinion or evaluation of what is being said. Disjuncts are members of the group known as Sentence (or Sentencial ) Adverbs and Adverbials.

Ditransitive Verbs

Ditransitive Verbs can take a Direct Object and an Indirect Object.

Interrogative Adjectives

Question words, like WHAT and WHICH that accompany and ask for a Noun to be specified, identified or given a number are INTERROGATIVE Adjectives.

Interrogative Adverbs

Question words that affect the Verb in terms of concepts like TIME (WHEN), MANNER (HOW), REASON (WHY) or LOCATION (WHERE) are INTERROGATIVE Adverbs.

Interrogative Pronouns

Question words that act like Pronouns, like WHAT, WHICH, WHO and WHOM are called Interrogative Pronouns.

Intransitive Verbs do not take an Object

Only Transitive Verbs can have a Passive form.

Its & It's

IT'S is a contraction of either "it is" or "it has". (TAKES APOSTROPHE)

ITS shows possession. (NO APOSTROPHE)

LIKE can be an Adjective, Adverb, Conjunction, Noun, Pronoun or Verb.

Modal Verbs

A Modal Verb is used to express the speaker's ideas about such things as the possibility, intention, obligation and necessity of the action or state described by the Verb it accompanies.

CAN, COULD, WILL, WOULD, etc, are examples of Modal Verbs.

Monotransitive Verbs

MONOTRANSITIVE VERBS take a single Object.

Negative Pronouns

NO-ONE; NOBODY; NEITHER; NONE and NOTHING are the Negative Pronouns, which are used to replace a Noun or Noun Phrase and make it negative.

Noun Phrase

A Noun Phrase consists of a Noun together with any of the words that modify it, including Determiners and Adjectives

Numerals

Numerals are part of the family of Determiners and consist of Cardinal Numbers (one, two, three ...) and Ordinal Numbers(first, second...).

Parts of Speech- Alone

As an Adjective, ALONE is Predictive- it cannot come before a Noun.

It is also an Adverb- live ALONE, etc.

Parts of Speech- Because

BECAUSE can be either an Adverb or a Conjunction

Parts of Speech- But

BUT is a Conjunction, Preposition& Adverb

Parts of Speech- Few

FEW, FEWER and FEWEST can used an Adjective, Noun or Pronoun

Parts of Speech- How

HOW can be either an Adverb or a Noun

Parts of Speech- If

IF is a Conjunction (occasionally a Countable Noun used in the Plural= IFS)

Parts of Speech- Just

JUST can be an Adjective or an Adverb. As an Adjective, it means being fair and doing what ought to be done.

Parts of Speech- Little

LITTLE, LESS and LEAST can be used as Adjectives, Nouns and Pronouns

Parts of Speech- Many

MANY can be an Adjective, Noun, or Pronoun

Parts of Speech- Much

MUCH, MORE and MOST can be used as Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns& Adverbs

Parts of Speech- Nevertheless

NEVERTHELESS = Adjective & Conjunction

Parts of Speech- Since

SINCE can be an Adverb, a Conjunction or a Preposition

Parts of Speech- These & Those

THESE is the Plural of this and, likewise, it can be a Demonstrative Adjective or a Demonstrative Pronoun

THOSE is the Plural of that. It can also be a Demonstrative Adjective or a Demonstrative Pronoun

Parts of Speech- This & That

THIS can be a Demonstrative Adjective or a Demonstrative Pronoun

THAT can be an Adverb, Conjunction, Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective, or a Pronoun.

Parts of Speech- What

WHAT can be an Adjective, Adverb or a Pronoun

Parts of Speech- Where

WHERE can be an Adverb, Conjunction, Noun or Pronoun

Parts of Speech- Which

WHICH can be either an Adjective or a Pronoun

Parts of Speech- While

WHILE can be a Conjunction, Noun or Verb.

Parts of Speech- Who

WHO can be either an Adjective or a Pronoun

Parts of Speech- Whom

WHOM can be either an Adjective or a Pronoun

Parts of Speech- Why

WHY – Adverb or Noun

Personal Pronouns

I; YOU; SHE; HE; IT; WE; and THEY are the Personal Pronouns that can act as the Subject of a Verb.

ME; YOU; HER; HIM; IT; US and THEM are the Personal Pronoun that can act as the Object. of a Verb.

NB: YOU and IT do not change and HER can also be used as a Possessive Adjective.

Possessive Adjectives

MY; YOUR; HER; HIS; ITS; OUR and THEIR are the Possessive Adjectives that are used to show who owns something.

NB: HER is the same when used in the Personal Pronoun form and HIS and ITS can also act as Possessive Pronouns.

Possessive Pronouns

MINE; YOURS; HERS; HIS; ITS; OURS & THEIRS are Possessive Pronouns that show who owns something and replace the Noun itself.

NB: HIS and ITS are the same when they are acting as Possessive Adjectives.

Prepositions

Prepositions like IN, OF and ON link Nouns, Pronouns & Gerunds to other words.

Pronouns

Pronouns are words that can replace or substitute a Noun or a Noun Phrase, inc. I; ME; MINE; MYSELF; SOME; ANY; NO; NOBODY; NO-ONE; NOTHING; THIS; THAT; THESE; THOSE; WHAT; WHICH; WHO and WHOM.

Quantifiers

Words that show how much of a Noun there is or how many examples of a Noun there are called Quantifiers, a category that includes Numerals and words like SOME and ANY; NONE; EITHER and NEITHER.

Reciprocal Pronouns

Reciprocal Pronouns show that an action works both ways:

James and Kate love EACH OTHER. (This means that James loves Kate and that Kate loves James)

Reflexive Pronouns

MYSELF; YOURSELF; HERSELF; HIMSELF; ITSELF; OURSELVES; YOURSELVES & THEMSELVES are the Pronouns used when the Subject and Object or complement of the Verb are the same.

NB: The second person (YOU) has either a Singular or Plural reference. THEMSELF and ONESELF are often used as an impersonal Singular reflexive pronoun when it isn't clear if the person referred to is male or female.

Relative Pronouns

Words used to introduce clauses in sentences, like THAT; WHICH; WHO; and WHOSE are Relative Pronouns.

SO can be used to emphasise an Adjective, Adverb or a combination of Adverb +Adjective.

So & Such 1

SO can be an Adverb, Conjunction or Pronoun.

SUCH can be an Adjective, Adverb or Pronoun

Some & Any 1

SOME and ANY can be Pronouns or Quantifiers.

Spell

SPELL can both regular (SPELL\SPELLED\SPELLED) and irregular (SPELL\SPELT\SPELT).

Such

SUCH can be used to emphasise a Noun (with or without an Article), or an Adjective+ Noun .

Themself & Themselves

THEMSELF is used as an alternative to HIMSELF or HERSELF when the Gender is unknown or indeterminate. It is, therefore, Singular, which some people use as grounds to find fault with it as a word and call it wrong.

THEMSELVES is Plural.

They're, Their & There

THEY'RE = THEY ARE

THEIR = Possessive Adjective

THERE can be used as an Adverb or a Noun .

Transitive & Intransitive Verbs

Transitive Verbs can take an Object.

Examples

Examples- Adjectives that look like Adverbs 1

BEASTLY; BROTHERLY; COSTLY; COWARDLY; DAILY; ELDERLY; FATHERLY; FORTNIGHTLY; FRIENDLY; GHASTLY; GHOSTLY; LEISURELY; LIKELY; LIVELY

Examples- Adjectives that look like Adverbs 2

LONELY; LOVELY; MONTHLY; MOTHERLY; NIGHTLY; SILLY; SISTERLY; TIMELY; UGLY; WEEKLY; YEARLY

Examples- Adverbials

IN FACT; ALL IN ALL; ALL TOLD; AFTER LUNCH; IN FRANCE

Examples- Adverbs of degree 1

ABSOLUTELY; WHOLLY; COMPLETELY; DEFINITELY; ENTIRELY; FAIRLY

Examples- Adverbs of degree 2

FULLY; NEARLY; PARTIALLY; SIMPLY; SURELY; THOROUGHLY; TOTALLY; UTTERLY

Examples- Adverbs of frequency 1

ALWAYS; USUALLY; GENERALLY; NORMALLY; FREQUENTLY; REGULARY; OFTEN; SOMETIMES

Examples- Adverbs of frequency 2

OCCASIONALLY; SELDOM; RARELY; NEVER; EVER; DAILY; WEEKLY; MONTHLY; YEARLY

Examples- Adverbs of manner 1

ANGRILY; BADLY; BEAUTIFULLY; CAREFULLY; CARELESSLY; CASUALLY; CHEERFULLY; CLEVERLY; CORRECTLY; FORMALLY; GENTLY

Examples- Adverbs of manner 2

HAPPILY; IMPOLITELY; INFORMALLY; UNHAPPILLY; KINDLY; LUCKILY; UNLUCKILY; POLITELY; POWERFULLY; QUICKLY; QUIETLY; RUDELY

Examples- Adverbs of manner 3

SADLY; SHYLY; SLOWLY; SOUNDLY; STUPIDLY; SWEETLY; SUDDENLY; THOROUGHLY; WELL; WILDLY

Examples- Adverbs of place 1

AHEAD; AROUND; BACK; DOWNHILL; DOWNSTAIRS; DOWNTOWN; HERE; THERE

Examples- Adverbs of place 2

INDOORS; INSIDE; LOCALLY; OUTDOORS; OUTSIDE; UPHILL; UPSTAIRS

Examples- Adverbs of time 1

AFTERWARDS; ALREADY; BEFOREHAND; EARLY; EVENTUALLY; FINALLY

Examples- Adverbs of time 2

JUST; LATELY; NOW; RECENTLY; SOON; STILL; TODAY; TOMORROW; YESTERDAY

Examples- Auxiliary Verbs 1

AM; 'M; ARE; 'RE; AREN'T; IS; ISN'T; WAS; WASN'T; WERE; WEREN'T; BE; BEING; BEEN

Examples- Auxiliary Verbs 2

DO; DON'T; DOES; DOESN'T; DID; DIDN'T

Examples- Auxiliary Verbs 3

HAVE; 'VE; HAVEN'T; HAS; HASN'T; HAD; HADN'T; HAVING

Examples- Conjunctions 1

AND; AS; BECAUSE; BUT; LIKE; OR

Examples- Conjunctions 2

HOWEVER; ALTOGETHER; THEREFORE; THUS; HENCE; LIKEWISE; NEVERTHELESS; NONETHELESS

Examples- Conjunctions 3

ALTHOUGH; THOUGH; WHERE; WHEREVER; WHEREAS; WHILE

Examples- Conjunctions 4

IF; SO; THAT; UNLESS

Examples- Conjunctions 4

AFTER; BEFORE; SINCE; TILL; UNTIL; WHEN; WHENEVER

Examples- Conjunctions 5

WHEREBY; WHEREUPON; WHILST

Examples- Conjuncts

HOWEVER; ALTOGETHER; THEREFORE; THUS; HENCE; LIKEWISE; NEVERTHELESS; NONETHELESS

Examples- Definite Article

THE

Examples- Demonstrative Adjectives

THIS; THAT; THESE; THOSE

Examples- Demonstrative Pronouns

THIS; THAT; THESE; THOSE; NONE; NEITHER; ONE

Examples- Disjuncts 1

ADMITTEDLY; CERTAINLY; DEFINITELY, IN FACT; NATURALLY; FRANKLY; PERHAPS; STRANGELY

Examples- Disjuncts 2

POSSIBLY; REALLY; ACTUALLY; OFFICIALLY; SURPRISINGLY; FORTUNATELY; LUCKILY; PREFERABLY

Examples- Indefinite Article

A & AN

Examples- Interrogative Pronouns

WHAT; WHICH; WHO; WHOM

Examples- Modal Verbs

CAN; CANNOT; CAN'T; COULD; COULDN'T; MUST; MUSTN'T; WILL; WON'T; 'LL; WOULD; WOULDN'T; SHALL; SHAN'T; SHOULD; SHOULDN'T; MAY; MAYN'T; MIGHT; MIGHTN'T; OUGHT; OUGHTN'T; NEEDN'T; DARE; DAREN'T

Examples- Negative Pronouns

NO-ONE; NOBODY; NEITHER; NONE & NOTHING

Examples- Numerals (Cardinal Numbers)

ZERO; ONE; TWO; THREE; FOUR; FIVE; SIX; SEVEN; EIGHT; NINE; TEN

0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10

Examples- Numerals (Ordinal Numbers)

FIRST; SECOND; THIRD; FOURTH; FIFTH; SIX; SEVENTH; EIGHTH; NINTH; TENTH

1st; 2nd; 3rd; 4th; 5th; 6th; 7th; 8th; 9th; 10th

Examples of Irregular Adjectives

BAD; WORSE; WORST; FAR; FURTHER; FARTHER; FURTHEST; FARTHEST; GOOD; BETTER; BEST; LITTLE; LESS; LEAST; MUCH; MANY; MORE; MOST

Examples of Some, Any & No 1

ANY; ANYONE; ANYBODY; ANYWHERE; ANYWAY; ANYHOW; ANYTHING; ANYPLACE

Examples of Some, Any & No 2

SOME; SOMEONE; SOMEBODY; SOMEWHERE; SOMEWAY; SOMEHOW; SOMETHING; SOMEPLACE

Examples of Some, Any & No 3

NO; NOONE; NO-ONE; NOBODY; NOWHERE; NOHOW; NOTHING

Examples- Parts of Speech

Adjectives; Adverbs; Articles; Auxiliary Verbs; Conjunctions; Ditransitive Verbs, Gerunds; Infinitives; Intransitive Verbs; Modal Verbs; Nouns; Prepositions; Pronouns; Relative Pronouns; Transitive Verbs

Examples- Personal Pronouns (Object)

ME; YOU; HER; HIM; IT; US & THEM

Examples- Personal Pronouns (One)

ONE, ONE'S and ONESELF can be used as Impersonal Pronouns, but they are rather old-fashioned now.

Examples- Personal Pronouns (Subject)

I; YOU; SHE; HE; IT; WE; & THEY

Examples- Possessive Adjectives

MY; YOUR; HER; HIS; ITS; OUR & THEIR

Examples- Possessive Pronouns

MINE; YOURS; HERS; HIS; ITS; OURS & THEIRS

Examples- Prepositions 1

AT; BY; IN; INTO; OFF; ON; ONTO; TO UNDER

Examples- Prepositions 2

ABOUT; ABOVE; AFTER; ALONG; AMONG; AROUND

Examples- Prepositions 3

FOR; FROM; OF; OVER; PAST; TOWARD; TOWARDS THROUGH

Examples- Prepositions 4

SINCE; TILL; UNTIL; WITH; WITHOUT

Examples- Prepositions 5

AMID; AMIDST; AMONGST

Examples- Prepositions 6

BEFORE; BEHIND; BELOW; BESIDE BETWEEN

Examples- Quantifiers 1

SOME; MUCH; MANY; FEW; LITTLE; SEVERAL; A LOT OF; LOTS OF; HALF; PLENTY OF; 1; 1st

Examples- Quantifiers 2

ALL; ANY; EVERY; EACH; BOTH; ENOUGH; NEITHER; EITHER; NONE; NO

Examples- Quantifiers 3

MORE; MOST; FEWER; FEWEST; LESS; LEAST

Examples- Reciprocal Pronouns

EACH OTHER; ONE ANOTHER

Examples- Reflexive Pronouns

MYSELF; YOURSELF; HERSELF; HIMSELF; ITSELF; ONESELF; OURSELVES; OURSELVES; THEMSELVES; & THEMSELVES

Examples- Relative Pronouns

THAT; WHICH; WHO; WHOM; WHOSE

Examples- Sentencial Adverbs 1

YES; NO

Examples- Words that can give emphasis 1

REALLY; SO; SUCH

Examples- Words that can give emphasis 2

MYSELF; YOURSELF; HERSELF; HIMSELF; ITSELF; OURSELVES; YOURSELVES; THEMSELVES (Reflexive Pronouns)

Examples- Words that can give emphasis 3

DO + (Adverb +Verb); DOES + (Adverb +Verb); DID + (Adverb +Verb)

Examples- Words that can give emphasis 4

HOW + Adjective or Adjectival Phrase

WHAT + Noun or Noun Phrase

Weblog News

afghan-esl — Thu, 15 Jan 2009 16:35:18 GMT

My name is Abdullah Ghorbani, I was born in 1982 at midnight in the cold winter in one of mountainous area in Bamian in Afghanistan as my parent told, I like my country Afghanistan because of it's immigrants, poor people, the children who never see their fathers and steel they are waiting to see their fathers but they never see their fathers because they killed by enemy I like it because of it's fathers who are steel mourning for their children who have killed without any fault,

My favorite things are science, sports, like football, and swimming, internet, computer, English language, and communicate with different people from all over the world

I hate politics because it is a big lie

And now I'm here with you in this weblog, I want to help you learn English and I try to share the useful things with English students in Afghan ESL. If you are learning ESL, I hope you enjoy staying with me. It is free if you are staying with me you will improve your English! If you're teaching ESL, I hope that you send your Comment criticize and suggestion to afghan ESL if you like to communicate with me please add my yahoo ID to your yahoo Messenger This is my yahoo ID [eng.afghan_esl] and try to Help me because I'm not good at English but I try to share the useful things with other English students, Good luck!

سلام نام من عبدالله قرباني است، در سال 1365 در يك شب سرد زمستاني در يكي از مناطق كوهستاني درباميان افغانستان چشم به آسمان آبي گشودم آنطور كه والدينم ميگويد، من كشورم افغانستان را خيلي دوست دارم، بخاطر مهاجرين بي كس وتنهايش، بخاطر مردم فقيرش، بخاطر فرزندانيكه هرگز چهره پدر مهربانش را نديده است اما هنوز چشم به اميد است كه شايد يك روزي پدر مهربانرا ببيند اما هر گز نخواهد ديد چون كه توسط دشمن كور دل كشته شده است، كشورم رادوست دارم بخاطر پدرانيكه هنوز براي فرزندانشان كه بي گناه كشته شده است عزاداري ميكند.

علايقم. علم، ورزش مثل فوتبال، شنا، انترنت، كامپيوتر، زبان انگيسي، و ارتباط و گفتگو با همنوعان از سراسر دنيا

تنفر. من از سياست متنفرم چون كه سياست يك دروغ بزرگ است

وحالا من در اين جا در اين وبلاگ در خدمت شما هستم، و من سعي دارم اندك كمكي باشم تا شما انگليسي را بعنوان زبان دوم بياموزيد، من تلاش دارم كه چيزهاي مفيدي را با شما به اشتراك بگذارم در وبلاگ افغان ESL ، اگر شمادرحال يادگيري زبان انگليسي بعنوان زبان دوم هستيد اميد وارم كه از بودن باما لذت ببريد اگر شما با ما همراه باشيد شما اندك پيشرفت در زبانتان خواهيد ديد، اگر شما استاد زبان انگليسي بعنوان زبان دوم هستيد اميد وارم با نظرات پيشنهادات و انتقادات تان مارا ياري كنيد، اگر دوست داريد با من در ارتباط باشيد لطفآ آي دي مرا در ياهو مسنجيرتان اد كنيد اين هم از آي دي من [eng.afghan_esl] سعي كنيد تا جايكه براي شما مقدور است مرا ياري كنيد چون من زبان انگليسيم چندان خوب نيست فقط سعي دارم كه چيزهاي مفيدي با شما دوست داران زبان انگليسي به اشتراك بگذارم، موفق و پيروز باشيد

General Information on Afghanistan

afghan-esl — Fri, 09 Jan 2009 12:25:18 GMT

General Information on Afghanistan

Location:
Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran, south of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan and west of China.
Geographic coordinates:
33 00 N, 65 00 E
Map references:
Asia
Area:
total: 652,000 sq km; land: 652,000 sq km;water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
Total: 5,529 km; border countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
Climate:
arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers
Terrain:
mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Amu Darya 258 m; highest point: Nowshak 7,485 m.
Natural resources:
natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones
Land use:
arable land: 12.13%
permanent crops: 0.22%
other: 87,65% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
23,860 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; draughts.
Environment - current issues:
limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil degradation; overgrazing; deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials); desertification; air and water pollution
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental, Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban signed, but not ratified: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation
Geography - note:
landlocked; the Hidu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan ( wakhan corridor).
Afghanistan People 2000
Population:
25,838,797 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 42.37% (male 5,598,403; female 5,371,054)
15-64 years: 54.86% (male 7,362,961; female 6,839,914)
65 years and over: 2.77% (male 378,741; female 337,724) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate:
3.54% (2000 est.)
note: this rate reflects the continued return of refugees from Iran
Birth rate:
41.82-births/ 1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate:
18.01-deaths/ 1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate:
11.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.12 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/ female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
149.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 45.88 years
male: 46.62 years
female: 45.1 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate:
5.87 children born/ woman (2000 est.)
Nationality :
noun:Afghan(s)
adjective: Afghan
Ethnic groups:
Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, Hazara, minor ethnic groups (Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others)
Religions:
Sunni Muslim, Shia Mulsim and others
Languages:
Pashtu, Dari (Lingua Franca), Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen), 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai), much bilingualism
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 31.5%
male: 47.2%
female: 15% (1999 est.)

Provinces
Afghanistan is divided into 34 provinces.
1. Badakhshan-(Feyzabad)
2. Badghis-(Qaleh-ye Now)
3. Baghlan-(Baglan)
4. Balkh-(Mazar-e-Shariff)
5. Bamian-(Bamian)
6. Daikandi(Nili)
7. Farah-(Farah)
8. Faryab-(Meymaneh)
9. Ghazni-(Ghazni)
10. Ghowr-(Choghcharan)
11. Helmand-(Lashkargah)
12. Herat-(Herat)
13. Jowzjan-(Sheberghan)
14. Kabul-(Kabul)
15. Kandahar-(Kandahar)
16. Kapisa-(Mahmud-e-Raqi)
17. Khost
18. Konar-(Asadabad)
19. Kunduz-(Konduz)
20. Laghman-(Mehtar Lam)
21. Logar-(Pul-alam)
22. Nangarhar-(Jalalabad)
23. Nimruz-(Zaranj)
24. Nuristan
25. Oruzgan-(Tarin Kowt)
26. Panjshir - (Bazrak )
27. Paktia-(Gardez)
28. Paktika-(Mahmodraqi )
29. Parwan-(Charikar)
30. Samangan-(Aybak)
31. Sar-i Pol
32. Takhar-(Taloqan)
33. Wardak-(Maidan )
34. Zabol-(Qalat)

National and Religiouse Holidays in afghanistan

afghan-esl — Wed, 07 Jan 2009 05:30:48 GMT

Afghan Culture

National Holidays

Now-Roz (New Year)	March 21
Victory of the Muslim Nations	April 28
Anniversary of Revolution	April 29
Afghan Independence Day	August 19
National Labour Day (May Day)	May 1

Religious Holidays

Islamic New Year (First of Muharram)	February 1, 2009
Tenth of Moharram (Ashura)*	February 10, 2009
Mawlud-un Nabi (Birth of the Prophet)*	April 11, 2006
First Day of Ramadan*	September 24, 2009
Lailat-ul-Qadr (Night of Power)*	October 19, 2009
Eid ul-Fitr*	October 24, 2009
Eid ul-Adha (Feast of the Sacrifice)	December 28, 2009

Dates may vary according to the sighting of the moon

Islamic calendar consists of twelve lunar months. Each month may be of 29 or 30 days depending on the sighting of the new moon. An lunar year has, on average, 355 days. The reason in the variances is that lunar calendar is 10 days less than the solar year. Hence an Islamic year is moved ahead 10 days each year in solar calendar year. Holidays such as Ramadan, Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha, Ashura and Mawlud Nabi are dependent on the Islamic lunar calendar and vary from year to year.

National and Religiouse Holidays in afghanistan

Eid al-Fitr (Eid-e-Fitr): The most important month of the Islamic calendar is Ramadan, the ninth month, during which every Muslim - except the old, young, pregnant women and the sick - is required to avoid food, drink from dawn to dusk. The feast of Eid al-Fitr commences after the month of fasting ends, on the first day of the month of Shawal. Celebrations usually last for about three days. Congregational prayers are held in mosques, after which Afghans visit their friends and relatives. New clothes, especially for the children, are made, and food is prepared.

Eid al-Adha (Eid-e-Qurban): Once the fasting month and ensuring celebrations have ended, it is time for those planning to perform their pilgrimage to Mecca to start preparations for their journey. The hajj, takes place in the 12th month of the Muslim calendar, the rituals being performed in Mecca between the 7th and 10th days. The feast of Eid al-Adha is celebrated on the 10th day of the month. Animals, such as sheep, goats, and camels, are sacrificed, especially by those who have already performed the hajj. This commemorates the slaying of a sheep, instead of Isaac, as a sacrifice by his father Abraham, at the command of the Allah. One third of the slaughtered animal is used by the family, another third is distributed to relatives and the rest is given to the poor.

Now-Roz (New Year's Day): Literally meaning a new day. Nau Roz is the first day of spring and of the Afghan solar calendar, and falls on March 21st. This festival dates back to the time when Zoroastrianism was still a powerful religion, long before Islam arrived in Afghanistan. During the celebrations, lavish meals are prepared in Afghan homes. Two dishes, Samanak and haft-mehwah are specially cooked for the occasion. Samanak, a dessert like made of wheat and sugar, can take more than two days to prepare. Haft-mehwah consists of seven fruits and nuts to symbolize spring: walnuts, almonds, pistachios, red and green raisins, dried apricots, and a local fruit known as sanjit.

Mawlud-un Nabi: A large number of Muslims do not believe in celebrating birthdays of death anniversaries because there is no historical evidence that such was the practice of the Holy Prophet. However, similarly large number of Muslims do commemorate the birth anniversary of the Holy Prophet on 12 Rabi-ul-Awwal of the Islamic lunar calendar year. For Muslims, this date marks the most important event in the history of the mankind because the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is regarded as the Chief of the Prophet, to whom the Holy Quran was revealed. The extent of the festivities, on this occasion, is restricted because of the fact that the same marks the death anniversary of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) as well. On this occasion public meetings are held in the mosques where religious leaders and scholars make speeches on different aspects of the life of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). The stories of the Prophet’s birth, childhood, youth and adult life, his character, teachings, sufferings, and forgiveness of even his most bitter enemies, his fortitude in the face of general opposition, leadership in battles, bravery, wisdom, preaching and his final triumph through Allah’s mercy over the hearts of people are narrated in detail. Salutations and songs in his praise are recited. In some countries, streets, mosques and buildings are decorated with colorful buntings and pennants and well illuminated at night. Affluent Muslims generously donate to charity. Feasts are arranged and food is served to guests and the poor.

Lailat-ul Qadr: This blessed night is also called the night of Power. It is the particular night in the month of Ramadan when the Holy Quran first began to be revealed. The Holy Quran states: "The month of Ramadan is the month in which the Quran began to be revealed, the Book which comprises guidance for mankind and clear proofs of guidance and divine signs which discriminate between truth and falsehood ... "(2:186) The translation of first verses which were revealed to the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, were the following: 'Recite in the name of thy Lord Who created everything. He created man from a clot of blood. Recite, for thy Lord is Most Beneficent, Who has taught by the pen, taught man that which he knew not.' (96:2-6) The Holy Prophet (PBUH), was forty years of age at that time. The Holy Quran regards the Night of Decree as better that one thousand months.

Muharram: Muharram festival commemorates the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain, the grandson of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). This festival starts at the 1st day of Muharram and lasts for 10 days until 10th of Muharram. Muharram is the first month of Islamic calendar. To the Shi'ites, the most important religious period of the year is the first 10 days of the new year. This is a period of mourning, in memory of the killing of Hussein, the grandson of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), at Karbala on October 10 680 A.D., along with 72 of his immediate family and followers. The festival climaxes on the tenth day of the month of Muharram. Ashura is an optional fast day. As the shi'ite population is relatively small, this day is celebrated on a smaller scale in Afghanistan.

During this month, while on a journey, Hazrat Imam Hussain, his family members and a number of his followers were surrounded by the forces of Yazid, the Muslim ruler of the time. During the siege, they were deprived of food and water and many of them were put to death. The incident happened at a place called Karbala in Iraq in 61st year after Hijra. This dispute was result of a disagreement among Muslims on the question of succession after the demise of Hazrat Ali, the fourth caliph. Some sects of Muslims hold meetings where speeches are made on the happenings of Karbala and on the lives of martyrs. The Shias, however, observe this festival in a different fashion. As Muharram, the first month of the Muslim year, approaches, they put on black clothes, as black is regarded as a color of mourning. Majalis (assemblies) are held every day during the first nine days where Shia orators relate the incident of the martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain and his party in a great detail. On the 10th day of Muharram, large processions are formed and the devoted followers parade the streets holding banners and carrying models of the mausoleum of Hazrat Imam Hussain and his people, who fell at Karbala. They show their grief and sorrow by inflicting wounds on their own bodies with sharp metal tied to chain with which they scourge themselves. This is done in order to depict the sufferings of the martyrs. It is a sad occasion and everyone in the procession chants "Ya Hussain", with loud wails of lamentation. Generally a white horse beautifully decorated for the occasion, is also included in the procession, to mark the empty mount of Hazrat Imam Hussain after his martyrdom. During these first ten days of Muharram, drinking posts are also set up temporarily by the Shia community where water and juices are served to all, free of charge

What Does True Love Mean To You

afghan-esl — Thu, 01 Jan 2009 23:22:18 GMT

What Does True Love Mean To You

True love is posted in so many ways that some people get confused about what true love is. But yet every one has there own opinion about what they feel true love is. You can sit there and say oh my god I love chocolate but does that mean you love chocolate like you would love your mother or father and does this mean that when you love your mother or father it’s the same as loving your boyfriend/girlfriend or even your husband?

Love is put out there in so many ways. You can love your favorite toy, or your favorite book, or even your favorite food but when you love a person it changes completely. Some people find true love in how the person looks, sometimes true love is found in how much money that person holds in there wallet, and sometimes true love is so blind that your heart leads you towards them and not your mind.

But what does true love mean to me? True love is a state of being it’s a feeling that you feel towards a person that has been there for you every second that you needed them. True love is how a person is towards you and how they act around you. You may say you love some one truly but would you love that person if they disrespected you? Or if they never showed care for you? I don’t think so because true love comes in how that one person is towards you. When a person respects you, when a person loves u as much as you love them or maybe even more, or when that person cares for you like a mother would care for her sick baby. That’s when believe true love comes in when a person is like this towards you I know that it would be true love right away and that person would be your soul mate. So I wanted to post this to see what other people think true love is. Because truly you cant just take one persons definition because every one has a heart and a mind that thinks differently

well friends tell me what Does True Love Mean To you

Inspirational Quotes about Lesson in Life

afghan-esl — Thu, 25 Dec 2008 16:32:12 GMT

Inspirational Quotes about Lesson in Life

I've learned that we don't have to change friends if we understand that friends change.

I've learned that no matter how good a friend is, they're going to hurt you every once in a while and you must forgive them for that.

I've learned that true friendship continues to grow, even over the longest distance. The same goes for true love.

I've learned that you can do something in an instant that will give you heartache for life.

I've learned that it's taking me a long time to become the person I want to be.

I've learned that you should always leave loved ones with loving words. It may be the last time you see them.

I've learned that you can keep going long after you can't.

I've learned that we are responsible for what we do, no matter how we feel.

I've learned that either you control your attitude or it controls you.

I've learned that regardless of how hot and steamy a relationship is at first, the passion fades and there had better be something else to take its place.

I've learned that heroes are the people who do what has to be done when it needs to be done, regardless of the consequences.

I've learned that money is a lousy way of keeping score.

I've learned that my best friend and I can do anything or nothing and have the best time.

I've learned that sometimes the people you expect to kick you when you're down, will be the ones to help you get back up.

I've learned that sometimes when I'm angry I have the right to be angry, but that doesn't give me the right to be cruel.

I've learned that just because someone doesn't love you the way you want them to doesn't mean they don't love you with all they have.

I've learned that maturity has more to do with what types of experiences you've had and what you've learned from them, and less to do with how many years you have lived.

I've learned that it isn't always enough to be forgiven by others. Sometimes you have to learn to forgive yourself.

I've learned that no matter how bad your heart is broken the world doesn't stop for your grief.

I've learned that our background and circumstances may have influenced who we are, but we are responsible for who we become.

I've learned that just because two people argue, it doesn't mean they don't love each other And just because they don't argue, it doesn't mean they do love each other.

I've learned that you shouldn't be so eager to find out a secret. It could change your life forever.

I've learned that two people can look at the same thing and see something totally different.

I've learned that your life can be changed in a matter of hours by people who don't even know you.

I've learned that even when you think you have no more to give, when a friend cries out to you you will find the strength to help.

I've learned that credentials on the wall do not make you a decent human being.

I've learned that the people you care about most in life are sometimes taken from you too soon

I've learned that you cannot make someone love you.

All you can do is be someone who can be loved.

The rest is up to them.

I've learned that no matter how much I care, some people just don't care back.

I've learned that it takes years to build up trust, and only seconds to destroy it.

I've learned that it's not what you have in your life but who you have in your life that counts

I've learned that you can do something in an instant that will give you heartache for life.

I've learned that it's taking me a long time to become the person I want to be.

I've learned that you should always leave loved ones with loving words.

It may be the last time you see them.

I've learned that you can keep going long after you think you can't.

I've learned that we are responsible for what we do, no matter how we feel.

I've learned that either you control your attitude or it controls you.

I've learned that learning to forgive takes practice.

I've learned that there are people who love you dearly, but just don't know how to show it.

Chinese New Year

afghan-esl — Sun, 21 Dec 2008 16:23:08 GMT

Santi talks about many Asian Nations' big holiday.

افغانی اِ اسی اِل

Todd: So what exactly is Chinese New Year?

Santi: We celebrate once a year and it's just like the same as a New Year in Western countries, but we celebrate in ... like special ... different dates every year.

Todd: So it's a flexible calendar?

Santi: Yes. My grandmother knows it but I don't. And especially for dinner we have a special arrangement in the table, like seven ... well, seven is a lucky number so seven types of dishes and then we got like money from our elders.

Todd: You get money?

Santi: Yes, we get money but we don't get presents. We get money.

Todd: So when you get this money, what do you normally do with it? Like do they give you money and are you supposed to, like buy gifts, or are you supposed to put it away for savings?

Santi: I think they want us to just save the money in case like for rainy days and then ... but most of my cousins just spend it for buying things like clothes, bags, shoes, but in my family it's kind of different, so whenever I get money I just give it to my mother.

Todd: For your mom to keep for herself or for your mom to save for you?

Santi: I don't know. I'm not very good at money so it's better for me to just give it to my mother and she will allocate it.

Todd: Well, actually, I think that's also a Chinese tradional also in the United States where I think that Chinese families, isn't it custom for children actually to give their parents a portion of their money?

Santi: Yes

Todd: Which is actually, I think makes a lot of sense.

Santi: Well, because we trust our mother. We trust our parents beyond reason sometimes and I think it's good.

Todd: So always give a little money up?

Santi: Yes.

Todd: I agree. I agree. Although I hope my mom's not listening. She's gonna expect some money from me.

Santi: And I feel better whenever my mom just gives me money to spend it ... not my ... just my entire money and then I spend it. I feel awful.

Todd: Oh, cause you feel like you've contributed some as well.

Santi: Yes.

Todd: Good point.